#3584 Google Opal: Create M2M Knowledge Graph

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#3584 Google Opal: Create M2M Knowledge Graph

#3584 Let's create a knowledge graph of the programs and their major elements under NASA Moon to Mars Program, including Artemis, Gateway and Extravehicular Activity and Human Surface Mobility Program. Include high and mid-level entities, their properties and interesting and useful relationships. The final output should be Cypher statements to create the knowledge graph in Neo4j.

"Generate Cypher Statements"

You are an expert in knowledge graph modeling and Cypher query generation. Your task is to generate valid Cypher statements for creating a knowledge graph about the 'NASA Moon to Mars Program'. The knowledge graph should include high and mid-level entities, their properties, and relevant relationships related to the Artemis program, Gateway, and the Extravehicular Activity and Human Surface Mobility Program.

# Step by Step instructions

1. Begin by defining the core high-level entities related to the 'NASA Moon to Mars Program', such as `Program`, `Mission`, `Spacecraft`, `Astronaut`, `Location`, and `Technology`.

2. For each high-level entity identified, create a Cypher `CREATE` statement to define the node with appropriate labels and properties. For example, for a `Program` node, include properties like `name` (e.g., 'Moon to Mars Program') and `description`.

3. Identify mid-level entities within each high-level entity. For instance, under `Program`, define specific programs like `Artemis Program`, `Gateway`, and `Extravehicular Activity and Human Surface Mobility Program`. Create Cypher `CREATE` statements for these nodes, including relevant properties.

4. For each mid-level entity, identify its specific properties (e.g., `Artemis Program` might have `goals`, `phases`, `launch_dates`). Add these properties to the `CREATE` statements.

5. Define the relationships between the high-level and mid-level entities. For example, `(Program)-[:INCLUDES]->(Mission)` or `(Mission)-[:USES]->(Spacecraft)`. Create Cypher `MERGE` or `CREATE` statements for these relationships, including any relevant relationship properties.

6. Continue to identify and define additional entities, properties, and relationships, ensuring they are relevant to the 'NASA Moon to Mars Program' and the specified sub-programs (Artemis, Gateway, EVA & HSM).

7. After creating a set of Cypher statements, review them for syntax validity and logical consistency. Check for missing commas, incorrect property assignments, or ill-defined relationships.

8. Have you covered all high and mid-level entities, their properties, and relevant relationships related to the Artemis program, Gateway, and the Extravehicular Activity and Human Surface Mobility Program? If not, go back to step 1 and add more entities, properties, and relationships.

9. Ensure the entire output is a single, valid Cypher script.


IMPORTANT NOTE: Start directly with the output, do not output any delimiters.

Output:



NASA's Moon to Mars Initiative

Exploring the cosmos, starting with the Moon as a stepping stone to Mars.

Overview Programs

Moon to Mars Program

NASA's long-term vision to establish a sustained human presence on the Moon as a stepping stone for human exploration of Mars.

Artemis Program

NASA's program to return humans to the Moon, building on capabilities for future Mars missions.

Goals: Establish long-term lunar presence, prepare for Mars.

Phases: Phase 1: Lunar Orbit and Initial Surface Operations, Phase 2: Sustained Lunar Operations.

Start Year: 2017

Gateway

A lunar-orbiting outpost providing critical support for a sustainable long-term human return to the lunar surface.

Orbit Type: Near Rectilinear Halo Orbit (NRHO)

Status: Under Development

Primary Function: Lunar staging post, science platform, Mars precursor testing

EVA & HSM Program

Focuses on developing the next generation of spacesuits (xEMU) and lunar rovers for astronaut mobility and operations on the Moon and Mars.

Focus Areas: Next-generation EVA Suits, Lunar Mobility Systems, Surface Operations.

Artemis Missions

Artemis I

Type: Uncrewed Flight Test

Launch Date: 2022-11-16

Duration: 25 days

Status: Completed

Objectives:

  • Test Orion and SLS integrated system
  • Demonstrate lunar orbit capabilities

Artemis II

Type: Crewed Lunar Flyby

Launch Date: 2025-09-01

Duration: 10 days

Status: Planned

Objectives:

  • Test Orion's life support systems with crew
  • Perform lunar flyby

Crew: Artemis II Crew (International - NASA, CSA)

Artemis III

Type: Crewed Lunar Landing

Launch Date: 2026-09-01

Duration: 30 days

Status: Planned

Objectives:

  • Land humans on the Moon's South Pole
  • Conduct surface science and EVA

Crew: Artemis III Crew (International)

Artemis IV

Type: Crewed Lunar Landing & Gateway Assembly

Launch Date: 2028-09-01

Status: Planned

Objectives:

  • Deliver I-HAB module to Gateway
  • Land humans on the Moon's South Pole

Key Spacecraft & Modules

Orion

Type: Crew Capsule

Developer: Lockheed Martin

Capabilities:

  • Carries up to 4 astronauts
  • Deep space exploration
  • Return to Earth capability

Space Launch System (SLS)

Type: Heavy-lift Rocket

Developer: NASA

Capabilities:

  • Launches Orion and payloads to the Moon

Thrust: 39.1 Meganewtons

Human Landing System (HLS)

Type: Lunar Lander

Developer: SpaceX (Starship HLS for initial contracts)

Capabilities:

  • Transports astronauts from lunar orbit to surface
  • Supports surface stay

Lunar Terrain Vehicle (LTV)

Type: Lunar Rover

Developer: Industry Partners

Capabilities:

  • Supports long-duration lunar excursions
  • Autonomous and crewed driving

Gateway Modules

HALO: Habitation and Logistics Outpost (Northrop Grumman, 2025)

PPE: Power and Propulsion Element (Maxar Technologies, 2025)

I-HAB: International Habitation Module (ESA, 2028)

ESPRIT: European System Providing Refueling, Infrastructure and Telecommunications (ESA, 2030)

Key Technologies

xEMU Spacesuit

Type: Spacesuit

Developer: Axiom Space / Collins Aerospace

Description: Next-generation lunar spacesuit designed for increased mobility, flexibility, and harsh lunar environments.

Status: Under Development

ISRU

Type: Resource Extraction Technology

Description: Technologies for living off the land, such as extracting water from lunar ice or oxygen from regolith.

Focus: Water extraction, Oxygen production, Construction materials

Status: Research & Development

Lunar Navigation Systems

Type: Navigation Technology

Description: Systems for precise navigation on the lunar surface and in lunar orbit, including GPS-like constellations (Lunar GNSS).

Status: Research & Development

Habitation Systems

Type: Life Support Technology

Description: Technologies for long-duration human living in space and on planetary surfaces, including environmental control and life support systems.

Status: Research & Development

Key Locations & Activities

Locations

Earth: Home planet and launch site.

Moon: Target for Artemis missions, proving ground for Mars.

Lunar South Pole: Prime landing site, contains water ice.

Mars: Ultimate destination for human exploration.

NRHO: Orbit for Gateway, stable path with continuous Earth communication.

Activities

Lunar EVA: Extravehicular activity on the lunar surface.

Surface Mobility: Movement and transportation on the lunar surface.

Lunar Surface Science: Geological sampling, ISRU experiments.

LTV Operations: Driving the Lunar Terrain Vehicle for extended traverses.

This page provides an overview of NASA's Moon to Mars program and related initiatives.


From <https://opal.withgoogle.com/?flow=drive:/1Byf8BB0Kc0-paztiPpRrXCUuCjLQ1YD_&mode=canvas>  

Google Opal: M2M Knowledge Graph



MERGE (m2m:Program {name: 'Moon to Mars Program'})

SET m2m.description = 'NASA's long-term vision to establish a sustained human presence on the Moon as a stepping stone for human exploration of Mars.';


MERGE (artemis:Program {name: 'Artemis Program'})

SET artemis.goals = ['Establish a long-term human presence on the Moon', 'Prepare for human missions to Mars'],

artemis.phases = ['Phase 1: Lunar Orbit and Initial Surface Operations', 'Phase 2: Sustained Lunar Operations'],

artemis.description = 'NASA's program to return humans to the Moon, building on capabilities for future Mars missions.',

artemis.start_year = 2017;


MERGE (gateway:Program {name: 'Gateway'})

SET gateway.description = 'A lunar-orbiting outpost providing critical support for a sustainable long-term human return to the lunar surface.',

gateway.orbit_type = 'Near Rectilinear Halo Orbit (NRHO)',

gateway.status = 'Under Development',

gateway.primary_function = 'Lunar staging post, science platform, Mars precursor testing';


MERGE (evahsm:Program {name: 'Extravehicular Activity and Human Surface Mobility Program (EVA & HSM)'})

SET evahsm.description = 'Focuses on developing the next generation of spacesuits (xEMU) and lunar rovers for astronaut mobility and operations on the Moon and Mars.',

evahsm.focus_areas = ['Next-generation EVA Suits', 'Lunar Mobility Systems', 'Surface Operations'];


MERGE (m2m)-[:INCLUDES]->(artemis);

MERGE (m2m)-[:INCLUDES]->(gateway);

MERGE (m2m)-[:INCLUDES]->(evahsm);


MERGE (artemis1:Mission {name: 'Artemis I'})

SET artemis1.type = 'Uncrewed Flight Test',

artemis1.objectives = ['Test Orion and SLS integrated system', 'Demonstrate lunar orbit capabilities'],

artemis1.launch_date = '2022-11-16',

artemis1.duration = '25 days',

artemis1.status = 'Completed';


MERGE (artemis2:Mission {name: 'Artemis II'})

SET artemis2.type = 'Crewed Lunar Flyby',

artemis2.objectives = ['Test Orion's life support systems with crew', 'Perform lunar flyby'],

artemis2.launch_date = '2025-09-01',

artemis2.duration = '10 days',

artemis2.status = 'Planned';


MERGE (artemis3:Mission {name: 'Artemis III'})

SET artemis3.type = 'Crewed Lunar Landing',

artemis3.objectives = ['Land humans on the Moon's South Pole', 'Conduct surface science and EVA'],

artemis3.launch_date = '2026-09-01',

artemis3.duration = '30 days',

artemis3.status = 'Planned';


MERGE (artemis4:Mission {name: 'Artemis IV'})

SET artemis4.type = 'Crewed Lunar Landing & Gateway Assembly',

artemis4.objectives = ['Deliver I-HAB module to Gateway', 'Land humans on the Moon's South Pole'],

artemis4.launch_date = '2028-09-01',

artemis4.status = 'Planned';


MERGE (artemis)-[:CONDUCTS]->(artemis1);

MERGE (artemis)-[:CONDUCTS]->(artemis2);

MERGE (artemis)-[:CONDUCTS]->(artemis3);

MERGE (artemis)-[:CONDUCTS]->(artemis4);


MERGE (orion:Spacecraft {name: 'Orion'})

SET orion.type = 'Crew Capsule',

orion.capabilities = ['Carries up to 4 astronauts', 'Deep space exploration', 'Return to Earth capability'],

orion.developer = 'Lockheed Martin';


MERGE (sls:Spacecraft {name: 'Space Launch System (SLS)'})

SET sls.type = 'Heavy-lift Rocket',

sls.capabilities = ['Launches Orion and payloads to the Moon'],

sls.developer = 'NASA',

sls.thrust_meganewtons = 39.1;


MERGE (hls:Spacecraft {name: 'Human Landing System (HLS)'})

SET hls.type = 'Lunar Lander',

hls.capabilities = ['Transports astronauts from lunar orbit to surface', 'Supports surface stay'],

hls.developer = 'SpaceX (Starship HLS for initial contracts)';


MERGE (ltv:Spacecraft {name: 'Lunar Terrain Vehicle (LTV)'})

SET ltv.type = 'Lunar Rover',

ltv.capabilities = ['Supports long-duration lunar excursions', 'Autonomous and crewed driving'],

ltv.developer = 'Industry Partners';


MERGE (halo:Spacecraft {name: 'HALO (Habitation and Logistics Outpost)'})

SET halo.type = 'Gateway Module',

halo.function = 'Provides pressurized volume for crew, docking ports, power',

halo.developer = 'Northrop Grumman',

halo.launch_year = 2025;


MERGE (ppe:Spacecraft {name: 'PPE (Power and Propulsion Element)'})

SET ppe.type = 'Gateway Module',

ppe.function = 'Provides power, propulsion, and communications for Gateway',

ppe.developer = 'Maxar Technologies',

ppe.launch_year = 2025;


MERGE (ihab:Spacecraft {name: 'I-HAB (International Habitation Module)'})

SET ihab.type = 'Gateway Module',

ihab.function = 'Provides additional crew living space and science capabilities',

ihab.developer = 'ESA (European Space Agency)',

ihab.launch_year = 2028;


MERGE (esprt:Spacecraft {name: 'ESPRIT (European System Providing Refueling, Infrastructure and Telecommunications)'})

SET esprt.type = 'Gateway Module',

esprt.function = 'Refueling capability, communications, viewing port',

esprt.developer = 'ESA (European Space Agency)',

esprt.launch_year = 2030;


MERGE (artemis1)-[:USES]->(orion);

MERGE (artemis1)-[:USES]->(sls);

MERGE (artemis2)-[:USES]->(orion);

MERGE (artemis2)-[:USES]->(sls);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:USES]->(orion);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:USES]->(sls);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:USES]->(hls);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:USES]->(ltv);

MERGE (artemis4)-[:USES]->(orion);

MERGE (artemis4)-[:USES]->(sls);

MERGE (artemis4)-[:DELIVERS]->(ihab);


MERGE (gateway)-[:INCLUDES_MODULE]->(halo);

MERGE (gateway)-[:INCLUDES_MODULE]->(ppe);

MERGE (gateway)-[:INCLUDES_MODULE]->(ihab);

MERGE (gateway)-[:INCLUDES_MODULE]->(esprt);


MERGE (halo)-[:PART_OF]->(gateway);

MERGE (ppe)-[:PART_OF]->(gateway);

MERGE (ihab)-[:PART_OF]->(gateway);

MERGE (esprt)-[:PART_OF]->(gateway);


MERGE (earth:Location {name: 'Earth'})

SET earth.type = 'Planet',

earth.description = 'Home planet of humanity and launch site for Moon to Mars missions.';


MERGE (moon:Location {name: 'Moon'})

SET moon.type = 'Natural Satellite',

moon.description = 'Earth's only natural satellite, target for Artemis missions and proving ground for Mars.';


MERGE (lunarSouthPole:Location {name: 'Lunar South Pole'})

SET lunarSouthPole.type = 'Region',

lunarSouthPole.significance = 'Contains shadowed craters potentially holding water ice, prime landing site for Artemis III.',

lunarSouthPole.terrain_features = ['Permanently Shadowed Regions (PSRs)', 'Peaks of Eternal Light (PELs)'];


MERGE (mars:Location {name: 'Mars'})

SET mars.type = 'Planet',

mars.description = 'The ultimate destination for human exploration in the Moon to Mars program.';


MERGE (nrho:Location {name: 'Near Rectilinear Halo Orbit (NRHO)'})

SET nrho.type = 'Lunar Orbit',

nrho.description = 'Highly elliptical orbit around the Moon, providing stable path and continuous communication with Earth, used by Gateway.';


MERGE (artemis1)-[:TARGETS]->(nrho);

MERGE (artemis2)-[:TARGETS]->(moon);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:TARGETS]->(lunarSouthPole);

MERGE (artemis4)-[:TARGETS]->(lunarSouthPole);

MERGE (gateway)-[:ORBITS_AT]->(nrho);

MERGE (lunarSouthPole)-[:IS_PART_OF]->(moon);

MERGE (moon)-[:ORBITS]->(earth);


MERGE (artemis2Crew:Astronaut {name: 'Artemis II Crew'})

SET artemis2Crew.type = 'Crew Group',

artemis2Crew.role = 'Astronauts for Artemis II mission',

artemis2Crew.nationality = 'International (NASA, CSA)';


MERGE (artemis3Crew:Astronaut {name: 'Artemis III Crew'})

SET artemis3Crew.type = 'Crew Group',

artemis3Crew.role = 'Astronauts for Artemis III mission (first woman, next man on Moon)',

artemis3Crew.nationality = 'International';


MERGE (artemis2)-[:WILL_TRANSPORT]->(artemis2Crew);

MERGE (artemis2Crew)-[:WILL_PARTICIPATE_IN]->(artemis2);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:WILL_TRANSPORT]->(artemis3Crew);

MERGE (artemis3Crew)-[:WILL_PARTICIPATE_IN]->(artemis3);


MERGE (xemu:Technology {name: 'xEMU (Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit)'})

SET xemu.type = 'Spacesuit',

xemu.description = 'Next-generation lunar spacesuit designed for increased mobility, flexibility, and harsh lunar environments.',

xemu.status = 'Under Development',

xemu.developer = 'Axiom Space / Collins Aerospace';


MERGE (isru:Technology {name: 'ISRU (In-Situ Resource Utilization)'})

SET isru.type = 'Resource Extraction Technology',

isru.description = 'Technologies for living off the land, such as extracting water from lunar ice or oxygen from regolith.',

isru.focus = ['Water extraction', 'Oxygen production', 'Construction materials'],

isru.status = 'Research & Development';


MERGE (lunarNav:Technology {name: 'Lunar Navigation Systems'})

SET lunarNav.type = 'Navigation Technology',

lunarNav.description = 'Systems for precise navigation on the lunar surface and in lunar orbit, including GPS-like constellations (Lunar GNSS).',

lunarNav.status = 'Research & Development';


MERGE (habSystems:Technology {name: 'Habitation Systems'})

SET habSystems.type = 'Life Support Technology',

habSystems.description = 'Technologies for long-duration human living in space and on planetary surfaces, including environmental control and life support systems.',

habSystems.status = 'Research & Development';


MERGE (evahsm)-[:DEVELOPS]->(xemu);

MERGE (evahsm)-[:DEVELOPS]->(ltv);

MERGE (m2m)-[:DEVELOPS]->(isru);

MERGE (m2m)-[:DEVELOPS]->(lunarNav);

MERGE (m2m)-[:DEVELOPS]->(habSystems);


MERGE (artemis3)-[:REQUIRES]->(xemu);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:REQUIRES]->(hls);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:REQUIRES]->(ltv);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:REQUIRES]->(isru);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:REQUIRES]->(lunarNav);


MERGE (artemis)-[:PROVIDES_FOUNDATION_FOR]->(mars);

MERGE (artemis)-[:UTILIZES]->(gateway);

MERGE (gateway)-[:SUPPORTS]->(artemis);

MERGE (evahsm)-[:ENHANCES]->(artemis);


MERGE (lunarEVA:Activity {name: 'Lunar EVA', description: 'Extravehicular activity performed on the lunar surface'});

MERGE (surfaceMobility:Activity {name: 'Human Surface Mobility', description: 'Movement and transportation of humans and equipment on the lunar surface'});

MERGE (lunarScience:Activity {name: 'Lunar Surface Science', description: 'Geological and regolith sampling, in-situ resource utilization experiments'});

MERGE (ltvOperations:Activity {name: 'LTV Operations', description: 'Driving the Lunar Terrain Vehicle for extended traverses'});


MERGE (evahsm)-[:FOCUSES_ON]->(lunarEVA);

MERGE (evahsm)-[:FOCUSES_ON]->(surfaceMobility);


MERGE (xemu)-[:USED_FOR]->(lunarEVA);

MERGE (ltv)-[:USED_FOR]->(surfaceMobility);

MERGE (ltv)-[:USED_FOR]->(ltvOperations);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:INCLUDES_ACTIVITY]->(lunarEVA);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:INCLUDES_ACTIVITY]->(surfaceMobility);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:INCLUDES_ACTIVITY]->(lunarScience);

MERGE (artemis3)-[:INCLUDES_ACTIVITY]->(ltvOperations);


MERGE (artemis3Crew)-[:WILL_PERFORM]->(lunarEVA);

MERGE (artemis3Crew)-[:WILL_PERFORM]->(lunarScience);

MERGE (artemis3Crew)-[:WILL_PERFORM]->(ltvOperations);


MERGE (lunarEVA)-[:OCCURS_AT]->(lunarSouthPole);

MERGE (surfaceMobility)-[:OCCURS_AT]->(lunarSouthPole);

MERGE (lunarScience)-[:OCCURS_AT]->(lunarSouthPole);

MERGE (ltvOperations)-[:OCCURS_AT]->(lunarSouthPole);


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